ABSTRACT
This research aims to determine the cytotoxicity and antiproliferation activities of Sida rhombifolia leavesextract against cancer cells MCA-B1, A549, and normal Vero cells. Sida rhombifolia leaves were extractedwith ethanol using ultrasonication method and fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. The testedsamples were ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction based on the results of cytotoxicity using the Brine ShrimpLethality Test. The antiproliferation activity test by using Trypan Blue Dye method and the cells harvested afterconfluence on the third or fourth day and the total cells were calculated by using the Neubauer Hemocytometer.The result showed that the inhibitory activity of ethanol extract at a concentration of 500 ppm is 69.44% withIC50 202.556 ppm on MCA-B1 cancer cells and 69.44% with IC50 276.836 ppm on A549 cancer cells, whilethe n-hexane fraction at a concentration of 1,000 ppm was 64.13% with IC50 425.969 ppm in MCA-B1 cancercells and 57.18% with IC50 786.617 ppm on A549 cancer cells. After being tested on normal Vero cells, theinhibition of normal Vero cells proliferation is not more than 1%. This indicates that ethanol extracts andn-hexane fraction are safe for normal cells and analysis by using LC-MS/MS showed a benzazepine compoundin the ethanol extract of S. rhombifolia is known for its role as antiproliferation. These results indicate thatS. rhombifolia leaves extract has the potential to be developed as anticancer compounds..
ABSTRACT
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) belongs to Sapindaceae family. We examined the antiproliferative activity oflongan leaf extracts against cancer-derived cell cell lines in vitro. The tested samples were water extract, ethanolextract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction of longan leaf. Cytotoxicity test is against brineshrimps that was screened using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test. Antiproliferative activity assay on WEHI-164 cells(mouse fibrosarcoma cancer cell), THP-1 cells (human peripheral blood acute monocyte cell), and vero cells (noncancer or normal cell) that was conducted using hemocytometer with Trypan Blue Dye exclusion. The 50% lethalityconcentration (LC50) value of water extract, ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and waterfraction were 854.64, 305.81, 446.55, 1313.44, and 1621.8 µg/ml. Ethanol extract exhibited significant cytotoxicdue to the lowest LC50 value. Ethanol extract was then used for further examination. The highest antiproliferativeactivity was achieved 44.93% by 600 µg/ml ethanol extract on WEHI-164 and 57.45% by 500 µg/ml ethanol extracton THP-1. It was significantly equal to doxorubicin antiproliferative activity. Ethanol extract dose had low effect tovero cells. This present study confirmed that the longan leaf ethanol extract possess marked antiproliferative activityon cancer-derived cell lines.